It is made a review of the classical techniques and devices used for mapping underground galleries and natural caves. A new method is proposed and realized by the means of modern technologies in the Pepelyankata cave nearby the village of Bosnek, Pernik Province. A GPS receiver is used to determine the coordinates of the starting point. Another device - a combination between a laser rangefinder, a compass and an inclinometer, is used to measure the traverse and certain points inside the cave. All of the measurements are transferred wirelessly to a PDA device and represented by a suitable mobile GIS-enabled software. Some other data, including photos made by the PDA's integrated camera, is collected as an additional attribute information. Back in the office, the results are superposed on an old map of the cave, an orthophoto image and topographic map of the region for further analysis.

The Portuguese West Coast is a beautiful yet harsh landscape to explore due to high slope cliffs and very accelerated erosion process. This landscape conceals a very rich paleontological heritage: fossils of large vertebrate animals (mainly dinosaurs, turtles and crocodiles) from the jurassic period. Mobile GIS technology enabled paleontological researchers to better explore this area by determining exact location of fossils.